Authors bear full responsibility for the originality, accuracy, and integrity of their research work, including the data presented and the conclusions drawn. The Editor-in-Chief, Editors, and Editorial Board do not assume responsibility or liability for the opinions, interpretations, or statements expressed by the authors. Views published in the journal do not necessarily reflect those of the editorial team or the publisher.

Authors are advised to carefully review their manuscripts prior to submission. All submissions must be original and free from plagiarism.

Disclaimer

The content of each published article is the sole responsibility of the author(s). The publisher and editorial team disclaim any responsibility for errors, omissions, or interpretations of the published material. Any errors identified are unintentional, and readers are encouraged to notify the editorial office so that appropriate corrections can be made in future issues.

Publication Ethics

Publishing in a peer-reviewed journal plays a vital role in the advancement of a reliable and respected body of scholarly knowledge. It reflects the quality of research conducted by the authors and the institutions supporting them. Peer review supports the scientific method and ensures the credibility of academic publishing. Therefore, all stakeholders are expected to adhere to high ethical standards.

Guidelines on ethical publishing practices are available to authors through the journal’s ethics resources.

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Ethical Principles for Authors

Authorship

Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made a substantial contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the study. All contributors who meet these criteria should be listed as authors.

Originality and Plagiarism

Authors must ensure that their submissions are entirely original. Any use of previously published work, ideas, or words must be appropriately cited or quoted. Plagiarism in any form is unacceptable.

Data Access and Retention

Authors may be requested to provide raw or supporting data for editorial or peer-review purposes and should be prepared to provide public access to such data where appropriate.

Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publication

Authors should not submit or publish manuscripts describing the same research in more than one journal simultaneously. The journal does not consider the following as prior publication:

1. Abstracts

2. Academic theses or dissertations

3. Electronic preprints

Details regarding prior publication must be disclosed during submission.

Acknowledgement of Sources

Proper acknowledgment of all sources, funding agencies, and contributions is mandatory.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

All submissions must include a statement disclosing any financial or personal relationships that could be perceived as potential conflicts of interest.

Fundamental Errors in Published Works

If an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in a published article, it is their responsibility to promptly inform the journal editor and cooperate in correcting or retracting the paper.

Reporting Standards

Authors reporting original research must present an accurate and objective account of the work performed, including a balanced discussion of its significance.

Hazards and Human or Animal Subjects

Manuscripts involving chemicals, hazardous procedures, equipment, or experiments with human or animal subjects must include statements confirming compliance with relevant ethical and safety standards.

Use of Patient Images or Case Details

Research involving patients or volunteers must have prior approval from an appropriate ethics committee and documented informed consent, which should be clearly stated in the manuscript.